![]() This example encodes the string "Hello" in ASCII and then in Base64. Base64 is a encoding algorithm that allows you to transform any characters into an alphabet which consists of Latin letters, digits, plus, and slash. One equal sign ("=") is added to the encoded string.ĭepending on the format (for instance, this is required in MIME), a newline is inserted every 76 characters in the encoded string. The size has extra two bytes (remainder of 16 bits when divided by 24): Same as above, but we pad just one byte.Two equal signs ("=") are added to the encoded string. This leaves us with one byte (8 bits) we pad the remaining byte with two bytes with value zero and encode the last sequence. ![]() For example, base64 uses 64 characters to encode since 2 to the sixth power is 64. The size has an extra byte (remainder of 8 bits when divided by 24): Bits that can be encoded in the beginning are encoded normally. We use ASCII encoding for printable characters, such as the following.The size in bytes is divisible by three (bits divisible by 24): All bits are encoded normally. The common Base64 encoding adds about 37 to the original file size, meaning that an original 20MB file could exceed a 25MB file attachment limit.There are also three cases to consider depending on the size of the input: when the size in bytes is divisible by 3 (bits divisible by 24), with an extra byte (8 bits extra, or remainder of 1 byte when divided by three) and with two extra bytes The rest of this article discusses the use of Base32 for representing byte strings, not unsigned integer numbers, similar to the way Base64 works. The equals sign "=" represents a padding, usually seen at the end of a Base64 encoded sequence.Įach group of six bits is encoded using the above conversion. ![]() In Base64, 0 to 25 correspond to A to Z, 26 to 51 correspond to (lowercase) a to z, 52 to 61 correspond to digits 0 to 9, 62 corresponds to the plus sign "+", and 63 corresponds to the slash sign "/". It is so called because it uses a set of 64 characters to encode each sequence of six bits, similar to a mathematical base 64. Base64 is a method used to convert binary data into a string. ![]()
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